Wednesday 17 December 2014

An Introduction to ECMA-262 (ES5 as of time of writing)

What is ECMA-262?

ECMA-262 is the standard for ECMAScript, currently on Version 5.1 but with higher versions in development. It is also an ISO standard (16262).

What is ECMA?

ECMA is an IT standards organization founded in 1961 based in the Rue du Rhone in Geneva. In addition to ECMAScript, it holds a number of programming language specifications including C#. ECMA stands for European Computer Manufacturers Association, however the name is no longer considered an acronym. Open Office XML is also a standard managed by ECMA. Awesome, right?

What is ECMAScript?

ECMAScript is effectively JavaScript taken one meta-level up. JavaScript, JScript and ActionScript are regarded as implementations of JavaScript. It is a language for object-oriented client-side scripting on the web.

The Many Flavours of JavaScript (sorry, ECMAScript)

The original JavaScript was implemented by Netscape. Its creator, Brendan Eich, has a mathematics and computing background. His original project was to put Scheme "in the browser". It first made its commercial appearance in Netscape Navigator 2.0. Back then, it was a niche language, today it is the de facto programming language of the web and rising in importance all the time.

JScript was the Microsoft version, so named to avoid copyright disputes. In fact, JScript still exists and is the scripting language for Internet Explorer.

ActionScript was Macromedia's version, introduced for Adobe Flash.


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